Compatibility Theory of Yiqi Zengmian Prescription as Vaccine Adjuvant / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveThis study explored the application of Yiqi Zengmian prescription as a vaccine adjuvant， aiming to provide a new scheme for the prevention and control of corona virus disease 2019（COVID-19） with traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）. By analyzing the compatibility and efficacy， this paper examines the compatibility effect of Yiqi Zengmian prescription， which is modified from the classic tonifying agent Si Junzitang， as a vaccine adjuvant. MethodUsing the Database of Ancient Classical Prescriptions， this paper analyzed the composition of Yiqi Zengmian prescription and probed into the theoretical basis for the compatibility of this prescription from the properties， medicine combination， and efficacy. Furthermore， the compatibility effect of this prescription with vaccines was analyzed. ResultAs a TCM prescription， Yiqi Zengmian prescription focuses on the lung and spleen and enhances the Qi in the two organs. The lung governs Qi movement. The body breathes fresh air through the lungs and exchanges the turbid gas in the lungs， and the gas circulates alternately in the lungs to ensure the normal breathing of the human body. The spleen governing transportation and transformation is the hub for Qi movement， and Qi is the embodiment of metabolic function. By regulating qi movement and enhancing the functions of Qi and blood， Yiqi Zengmian prescription can enhance the immunogenicity of the vaccine， which provides a theoretical basis for enhancing the immune effects of vaccines. ConclusionYiqi Zengmian prescription has the effects of replenishing Qi and invigorating spleen， regulating Qi and drying dampness， and enhancing immunity. The in-depth analysis of the TCM theory of Yiqi Zengmian prescription as a vaccine adjuvant and the results of clinical and laboratory studies suggest that Yiqi Zengmian prescription may enhance the induction of immune response after vaccination and maintain the immune memory. However， the mechanism of Yiqi Zengmian prescription in regulating the complex immune network remains to be elucidated.

History and Clinical Application of Classic Famous Formula Danggui Sinitang / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Danggui Sinitang is first recorded in the Treatise on Cold Damage written by ZHANG Zhongjing in the Han dynasty. It is composed of Angelicae Sinensis Radix， Cinnamomi Ramulus， Paeoniae Radix Alba， Asari Radix et Rhizoma， Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma， Tetrapanacis Medulla， and Jujubae Fructus and serves as a classic formula for treating the syndrome of blood deficiency and cold reversal. This study systematically reviews the records of Danggui Sinitang in ancient Chinese medicine books of various dynasties and the modern clinical applications to probe into the composition， plant species， processing， dosage， decocting method， and indications of Danggui Sinitang， aiming to provide a reference for the development and clinical application of this classic formula. The review of the records showed that there were a variety of records of Danggui Sinitang with different composition， and the composition of this formula listed in the Treatise on Cold Damage has a significant impact on later generations and has been used by medical practitioners throughout history. Although the dosage of some drugs decreased during the Ming and Qing dynasties， the medical practitioners continued to use the original formula. In terms of processing， although there were slight changes in the processing of Angelicae Sinensis Radix， Paeoniae Radix Alba， Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma， and Tetrapanacis Medulla， the original processing method was inherited. In terms of indications， Danggui Sinitang was designed to treat cold reversal due to blood deficiency and dysentery. Furthermore， it was used to treat headache， convulsive disease， infantile convulsion， and private part adduction in the Ming and Qing dynasties. Nowadays， this formula is mostly used to treat diabetes peripheral neuropathy， rheumatoid arthritis， dysmenorrhea， Raynaud's disease and other diseases. In terms of precautions， ancient physicians believed that Danggui Sinitang should not be taken by pregnant women and should only be used for limb chills caused by blood deficiency and cold coagulation. For limb chills caused by other reasons， this formula should not be used indiscriminately. Modern research has not reported any serious adverse reactions related to this formula. Danggui Sinitang has a definite therapeutic effect. In subsequent research and development， quality control standards of Danggui Sinitang should be established while its safety is ensured， and the related preparations should be developed and applied.

Efficacy and safety of acupuncture combined with antihypertensive drugs in the treatment of essential hypertension: a meta-analysis / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of acupuncture combined with antihypertensive drugs in the treatment of essential hypertension through meta-analysis.Methods:RCTs about acupuncture combined with antihypertensive drugs in the treatment of essential hypertension were retrieved from CNKI, VIP, WANFANG, CBM, PubMed, Embase and Web of Science from the establishment of the databases to January 28, 2022. The risk and quality of literature publication bias were evaluated according to Cochrane 5.1.0 System Evaluation Manual, and relevant data were extracted. RevMan 5.4 software was used for meta-analysis.Results:A total of 36 RCTs involving 2 905 patients were included. Meta-analysis results showed that compared with antihypertensive drugs, acupuncture alone demonstrated advantages in reducing systolic blood pressure [ SMD=-0.70 (-1.05, -0.36), P<0.01], diastolic blood pressure [ SMD=-0.69(-1.06, -0.32), P<0.01], antihypertensive efficacy [ RR=1.11 (1.04, 1.19), P<0.01], symptomes efficacy [ RR=1.21 (1.11, 1.31), P<0.01] and comprehensive efficacy [ RR=1.35 (1.16, 1.57), P<0.01], without serious adverse reactions. Conclusion:Acupuncture alone has good clinical efficacy and safety in the treatment of essential hypertension, compared with antihypertensive drugs alone. However, researches with large samples and high quality are still needed to support the conclusion.

Standard on classification of Traditional Chinese Medicine ancient books / 国际中医中药杂志

The standardization of classification methods of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) ancient books can provide a clear and reliable reference for all kinds of TCM ancient books collection units, which can also promote the sharing and utilization of TCM ancient books. We studied and investigated the classification methods of TCM ancient books in past dynasties. The standard on classification of TCM ancient books was formulated by compared with the classification table of Zhongguo Zhongyi Guji Zongmu, and referred to the classification table of Zhonghua Guji Zongmu. This standard specified three-level categories and classification principles of TCM ancient books, and mainly composed of basic categories, three-level category table, classification principles and examples, and instructions for use.

CiteSpace knowledge map analysis of Angong Niuhuang Pills in recent twenty years / 中国中药杂志

Angong Niuhuang Pills, a classical formula in traditional Chinese medicine, are lauded as one of the "three treasures of febrile diseases" and have been widely used in the treatment of diverse disorders with definite efficacy. However, there is still a lack of bibliometric analysis of research progress and development trend regarding Angong Niuhuang Pills. Research articles on Angong Niuhuang Pills in China and abroad(2000-2022) were retrieved from CNKI and Web of Science. CiteSpace 6.1 was used to visualize the key contents of the research articles. In addition, the research status of Angong Niuhuang Pills was analyzed by information extraction to allow insight into the research trends and hotspots about Angong Niuhuang Pills. A total of 460 Chinese articles and 41 English articles were included. Beijing University of Chinese Medicine and Sun Yat-Sen University were the research institutions that have published the largest amount of research articles in Chinese and English. The keyword analysis showed that the Chinese articles focused on cerebral hemorrhage, stroke, neurological function, coma, cerebral infarction, craniocerebral injury, and clinical application, while the English articles focused on the mechanisms of cerebral ischemia, stroke, heavy metal, blood-brain barrier, and oxidative stress. Stroke, blood-brain barrier, and oxidative stress were presumably the research hotspots in the future. At present, the research on Angong Niuhuang Pills is still in the developing stage. It is necessary to highlight the in-depth research on the active components and mechanism of action and carry out large-scale randomized controlled clinical trials to provide references for the further development and application of Angong Niuhuang Pills.

Clinical Application Analysis of Da Qinjiaotang Based on Ancient and Modern Literature / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Da Qinjiaotang is a common classical prescription for the treatment of stroke. It originates from Collection of Writings on the Mechanism of Disease， Suitability of Qi， and the Safeguarding of Life as Discussed in the Basic Questions （《素问病机气宜保命集》） by physician LIU Wansu， and is composed of Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix， Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma， Chuanxiong Rhizoma， Angelicae Sinensis Radix， Paeoniae Radix Alba， Asari Radix et Rhizoma， Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix， Saposhnikoviae Radix， Scutellariae Radix， Gypsum Fibrosum， Angelicae Dahuricae Radix， Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma， Rehmanniae Radix， Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata， Poria， and Angelicae Pubescentis Radix. Doctors of all dynasties have disputed the composition principle of the prescription and argued whether its treatment of stroke belongs to the theory of "internal wind" or "external wind". Through collating and analyzing ancient and modern literature related to the indications of Da Qinjiaotang， this paper was dedicated to the origin of syndrome differentiation and treatment of Da Qinjiaotang. According to LIU Wansu's original works， Da Qinjiaotang is a prescription for the treatment of "internal wind"， and in the prescription， wind medicinal herbs such as Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix， Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix and Angelicae Pubescentis Radix removes stagnation， clears sweat pore， and makes qi and blood channels flow smoothly. However， later generations， affected by the idea of "external wind"， believe that this prescription is used for the treatment of "external wind". Ancient physicians gradually supplemented the symptoms of stroke， such as wry eye and mouth， hemibody pain and limb numbness， which were treated by Da Qinjiaotang， and Da Qinjiaotang was also applied to the treatment of other diseases， such as tendon dryness， convulsion and arthralgia. Modern doctors still explain the disease pathogenesis from the theory of "external wind" as deficiency in channels and collaterals and the entry of pathogenic wind， and the prescription has the effect of dispersing wind， clearing heat and nourishing and activating blood. In clinical practice， Da Qinjiaotang is mainly used to treat cerebrovascular diseases and peripheral facial paralysis in nervous system diseases， gouty arthritis and rheumatic arthritis in the rheumatic immune system and skin diseases. The above findings facilitate the research and development of Da Qinjiaotang.

Preliminary Discussion on Post-marketing Comprehensive Evaluation Indicator System of Ancient Famous Classical Formula Preparations / 中国实验方剂学杂志

The construction of the comprehensive evaluation index system of the famous classical formula preparations after the marketing has both theoretical and practical significance. In this study， literature related to the post-marketing comprehensive evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） compound preparations was retrieved from China National Knowledge Infrastructure（CNKI）， China Science and Technology Journal Database（VIP）， Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform（WanFang） and SinoMed from January 1， 2000 to April 30， 2022. CiteSpace 6.1.R2， a scientometrics software， was used to visualize the keywords involved， and to analyze the dynamic evolution trend and research hotspots in this field. Then， the existing comprehensive post-marketing evaluation index system of TCM compound preparations was screened and extracted， and the research status was systematically analyzed by mathematical statistics. It was found that there were problems such as the generalized boundaries between assessment dimensions and assessment elements， the lack of data sources for individual evaluation indexes， unset weight of some index system and insufficient application degree. In addition， according to the characteristics of famous classical formulas， the authors discuss the importance of evidence evaluation based on combination of disease and syndrome， pharmacovigilance of famous classical formulas preparations， and whole-process quality control of famous classical formulas， and put forward the construction strategy of comprehensive post-marketing evaluation of the famous classical formula preparations， which is oriented by clinical value， centered on evidence evaluation， and guaranteed by the whole-process quality control.

Research on the rule of ancient prescriptions of yin deficiency syndrome / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective:The data mining method was used to analyze the medication rules of the ancient prescriptions for yin deficiency syndrome, so as to provide reference for clinical treatment of yin deficiency syndrome.Methods:We searched the database of ancient prescriptions, selected the prescriptions for yin deficiency syndrome, used the Ancient and Modern Medical Case Cloud Platform V2.2.3 to count the frequency and attribute of drug use, and carried out hierarchical cluster analysis to find the core prescription. MATLAB was used to analyze the association rules, and the law of drug compatibility was found. The Pajek64 5.13 was used for complex network analysis to find out the core traditional Chinese medicine.Results:There were 467 prescriptions that meet the requirements, 302 kinds of drugs were used in total. The four properties of the drugs were mainly cold, the five flavors mainly sweet, the meridian of the drugs mainly kidney meridian. The core drugs were Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata, Ophiopogonis Radix, Rehmanniae Radix, and Poria. The most commonly used drug pair was Dioscoreae Rhizoma- Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata, the second was Corni Fructus- Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata, Poria-Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata. The commonly used drugs can be clustered into two categories. Conclusion:We can preliminarily reveal that the ancient medication law of yin deficiency syndrome is mainly nourishing Yin liquid and reducing fire, paying attention to nourishing kidney yin, using Yin nourishing medicine often combined with medicine of tonifying lung, liver, spleen yin and diverging to reduce fever. It can provide certain reference for clinical treatment of yin deficiency syndrome.

New anti-pulmonary fibrosis prenylflavonoid glycosides from Epimedium koreanum / 中国天然药物

Four new prenylflavonoid glycosides, namely koreanoside H-K (1-4), together with eleven known ones (5-15) were isolated from the leaves of Epimedium koreanum Nakai. Their structures were elucidated by 1D NMR, 2D NMR, HR-ESI-MS, IR and UV. The identification of the sugar moieties was carried out by means of acid hydrolysis and HPLC analysis of their derivatives. It is worth noting that compound 3 and compound 4 were elucidated to contain fucose and quinovose moieties, which were two extremely rare sugar units from the genus Epimedium. The anti-pulmonary fibrosis activity of the new compounds was evaluated using A549 cell line. Compounds 1, 2 and 4 showed significant anti-pulmonary fibrosis activities.

Historical Evolution and Textual Research on Classical Prescription Taohe Chengqitang / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Taohe Chengqitang is a classical prescription published in The Catalogue of Ancient Classic Recipes (The First Batch). This study systematically summarized traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) ancient books and modern clinical reports on Taohe Chengqitang and investigated its origin， composition， basis, and historical evolution in processing requirements， dosage， preparation and administration， and functions. The findings indicated different opinions on drug basis， preparation of decoction pieces, and drug dosage conversion. Based on sufficient literature review, the actual development needs of classical prescriptions, and the usage habits of modern clinical practice， this study recommended dried mature seeds of Prunus persica or P. davidiana for Persicae Semen， dried twigs of Cinnamomum cassia for Cinnamomi Ramulus， honey-fried Glycyrrhiza uralensis for Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, raw Rheum palmatum, R. tanguticum, or R. offìcinale for Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, and mirabilite for Natrii Sulfas. In terms of drug dosage， the doses directed converted from weights and measures in the Han dynasty were large. According to the common doses in modern clinical practice, conversion was carried out based on 6 g of Cinnamomi Ramulus, 6 g of Natrii Sulfas, 6 g of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, and 12 g of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma. The weight of Persicae Semen should be determined according to the actual measurement. In terms of preparation and administration, the drugs in the pot were decocted with 1 400 mL of water to obtain 500 mL of decoction, which was filtered and slightly boiled in the presence of Natrii Sulfas. About 100 mL of warm decoction was taken before meals， three times a day. It was recorded in the ancient books that Taohe Chengqitang was indicated for the syndromes of heat invading the bladder and accumulating inside in the case of released exterior syndrome in Taiyang. After symptom-based flexible application by doctors, it is currently commonly used in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy， constipation， chronic renal failure, and other diseases.

Historical Evolution and Textual Research on Classical Prescription Taohe Chengqitang / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Taohe Chengqitang is a classical prescription published in The Catalogue of Ancient Classic Recipes (The First Batch). This study systematically summarized traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) ancient books and modern clinical reports on Taohe Chengqitang and investigated its origin， composition， basis, and historical evolution in processing requirements， dosage， preparation and administration， and functions. The findings indicated different opinions on drug basis， preparation of decoction pieces, and drug dosage conversion. Based on sufficient literature review, the actual development needs of classical prescriptions, and the usage habits of modern clinical practice， this study recommended dried mature seeds of Prunus persica or P. davidiana for Persicae Semen， dried twigs of Cinnamomum cassia for Cinnamomi Ramulus， honey-fried Glycyrrhiza uralensis for Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, raw Rheum palmatum, R. tanguticum, or R. offìcinale for Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, and mirabilite for Natrii Sulfas. In terms of drug dosage， the doses directed converted from weights and measures in the Han dynasty were large. According to the common doses in modern clinical practice, conversion was carried out based on 6 g of Cinnamomi Ramulus, 6 g of Natrii Sulfas, 6 g of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, and 12 g of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma. The weight of Persicae Semen should be determined according to the actual measurement. In terms of preparation and administration, the drugs in the pot were decocted with 1 400 mL of water to obtain 500 mL of decoction, which was filtered and slightly boiled in the presence of Natrii Sulfas. About 100 mL of warm decoction was taken before meals， three times a day. It was recorded in the ancient books that Taohe Chengqitang was indicated for the syndromes of heat invading the bladder and accumulating inside in the case of released exterior syndrome in Taiyang. After symptom-based flexible application by doctors, it is currently commonly used in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy， constipation， chronic renal failure, and other diseases.

Evaluation of diagnostic efficacy of artery elasticity and endothelial function indexes for coronary heart disease with blood stasis syndrome in postmenopausal women by Logistic regression combined with ROC curve model / 中国中药杂志

The present study explored the correlation of coronary heart disease(CHD) with blood stasis syndrome in postmenopausal women with artery elasticity and endothelial function indexes and evaluated the diagnostic efficacy of the prediction model via logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve model. A retrospective comparison was made between 366 postmenopausal CHD patients from August 1, 2020, to September 30, 2021, in the Department of Cardiology of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine of China-Japan Friendship Hospital, who were divided into the blood stasis syndrome group(n=196) and the non-blood stasis syndrome group(n=170). General clinical characteristics of the two groups were compared. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to probe the correlation of CHD with blood stasis syndrome in postmenopausal women with brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity(baPWV), ankle-brachial index(ABI), and flow-mediated dilatation(FMD), and the ROC curve was drawn to evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of the prediction model. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the correlation coefficients of CHD with blood stasis syndrome in postmenopausal women with baPWV, ABI, and FMD were 1.123, 0.109, and 0.719, respectively(P=0.004, P=0.005, P<0.001),and the regression equation for predicting probability P was P=1/[1+e~(-(3.131+0.116×baPWV-2.217×ABI-0.330×FMD))]. ROC curve analysis suggested that in the context of baPWV≥19.19 m·s~(-1) or ABI≤1.22 or FMD≤9.7%, it was of great significance to predict the diagnosis of CHD with blood stasis syndrome in postmenopausal women. The AUC of baPWV, ABI, FMD, and prediction probability P was 0.763, 0.607, 0.705, and 0.836, respectively. The AUC of prediction probability P was higher than that of each index alone(P<0.001), and the sensitivity and specificity were 0.888 and 0.647, respectively. The results demonstrate that baPWV, ABI, and FMD are independently correlated with CHD with blood stasis syndrome in postmenopausal women, and show certain independent predictive abilities(P<0.05). The combined evaluation of the three possesses the best diagnostic efficiency.

Survey study on the classification methods of TCM ancient books / 国际中医中药杂志

The surveys of the number of TCM ancient books, the bibliography classification methods, the bibliography publication, the bibliography network sharing and access, the evaluation of the classification method of subject bibliography on TCM ancient books and the relevant opinions and suggestions were sent to 30 TCM libraries and 24 comprehensive libraries in China. The questionnaires’ data and responses were analyzed, in order to understand the classification methods of TCM ancient books, the use situation, and the needs in the classification and cataloging work. The results showed that compared with the comprehensive libraries, the collection of TCM ancient books were concentrated in TCM libraries, the classification methods for TCM libraries were seldomly reported, and the classification methods were mainly self-compiled. Thus, the uniformity of the classification methods was poor, and there was also a significant gap in the standardization of the bibliography arrangement in TCM libraries. The result recommended that the domestic library industry urgently needed a unified and standardized classification for TCM ancient books. It was significant for promoting the sharing and exchange of TCM ancient books, promoting the standardization process of TCM information, and promoting the efficient implementation of Zhonghua Yizang compilation project.

Clinical effect of large medium thickness skin graft on the back combined with autologous razor thick skin replantation to the back donor area in the treatment of giant congenital melanocytic nevus of the upper limb in children / 中国医师杂志

Objective:To investigate the clinical effect of large medium thickness skin graft on the back and scalp replantation in the back donor area after complete resection of giant congenital melanoma nevus (GCMN) in children′s upper limbs.Methods:From April 2017 to may 2020, 16 pediatric patients with GCMN of upper limbs were treated in the First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, including 9 males and 7 females, aged from 2 years to 7 months to 12 years. Giant melanoma nevus area 14 cm×11 cm-23 cm×20 cm, the wound after removing the skin of giant melanocytic nevus of the limb was covered with vaseline oil gauze for 2-3 days, and then a large medium thickness skin graft was cut on the back with a drum skin extractor for transplantation. The wound in the back skin donor area was replanted with a blade thick scalp.Results:The effect of excision of giant nevus of upper limb and skin grafting on the wound of back medium thickness donor area in 16 pediatric patients was satisfactory, and there were no serious complications such as skin necrosis and poor survival. Plasma swelling was formed under the skin graft of one child′s limb, which healed after opening and drainage and three dressing changes. Anti-scar and rehabilitation treatment was performed on the limb and donor site.The patients were followed up for 6-18 months. There was no obvious scar hyperplasia and contracture in the skin graft area and donor area. The skin color and elasticity of the back and limb skin graft area were close to the normal skin around the wound, and the activities of elbow joint, wrist joint and interphalangeal joint were not limited. The parents of the pediatric were satisfied with the function and appearance of the limb skin graft area and back skin donor area of giant nevus.Conclusions:The function and appearance of large medium thickness skin graft on the back after excision of congenital giant nevus of upper limb in pediatric are better; There is no obvious scar formation after scalp replantation in the back donor area, and the repair effect is better.

Clinical research progress of Traditional Chinese Medicine in treating primary epilepsy / 国际中医中药杂志

In the treatment of primary epilepsy, Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) compounds and the combination of TCM and Western medicine with acupuncture and moxibustion, massage, acupoint embedding and other therapies are used most. The combined application of different therapies could enhance the curative effect, which could effectively control the frequency of the outbreak of this disease, reduce the adverse reactions of drugs, and further improve the quality of life of patients. In recent years, the number of TCM clinical studies related to this disease has increased, but most of the studies have a small sample size, unclear long-term efficacy, few double-blind trials, and unclear random methods. In addition, the criteria of syndrome classification and curative effect of primary epilepsy need to be unified.

Compiling principles and methods of standard on Classification of Traditional Chinese Medicine Ancient Books / 国际中医中药杂志

It is urgent to establish a standard for the classification and management of ancient books for Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) industry. This paper formulated the compiling principles on classification of TCM ancient books through the investigation and research. The categories were set and adjusted by comparing with the classification of Zhongguo Zhongyi Guji Zongmu and Zhonghua Guji Zongmu. Based on the comparason, the standard on classification of TCM ancient books was established. According to the classification standard, 8 663 kinds of TCM ancient books were reclassified. This standard can provide a clear and reliable reference for all kinds of collection units, promote the unification of classification methods of TCM ancient books, and promote the sharing and utilization of TCM ancient books.

Progress of Sirtuins family in bronchial asthma / 国际儿科学杂志

Silent information adjustment factor(Sirtuins)are Ⅲ class histone deacetylase on the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NAD +), and regulate various enzyme activities and biological processes.Recent studies have found that members of the Sirtuins family are closely related to the occurrence of bronchial asthma.This review summarizes the role of the Sirtuins family in the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma and provides a basis for the Sirtuins family as a potential therapeutic target for bronchial asthma.

Hotspots and trends of Ophiopogonis Radix based on CiteSpace knowledge map / 中国中药杂志

Ophiopogonis Radix is an important Yin-nourishing drug in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM), with the effects of nourishing Yin, promoting fluid production, clearing away heart-fire, and relieving restlessness. It is widely used in clinical practice due to its multiple chemical components and pharmacological effects. The technique "mapping knowledge domains" is an effective tool to quantitatively and objectively visualize the development frontiers and trends of certain disciplines. In this study, TCM research papers related to Ophiopogonis Radix were retrieved from Web of Science(WoS) and CNKI, and the research institutions, journals, and keywords involved were visualized and analyzed using the scientometric software CiteSpace. The co-occurrence network of related research on Ophiopogonis Radix was constructed, and the Ophiopogonis Radix-disease-target network was plotted using Cytoscape 3.8.2. The hot topics in Chinese and English papers were analyzed and the shortcomings in the research on Ophiopogonis Radix were summed up. Furthermore, the development trends were discussed. A total of 1 403 Chinese papers and 292 English papers were included in this study. The analysis of research institutions showed that Beijing University of Chinese Medicine and China Pharmaceutical University were the two research institutions with the largest numbers of papers published. The analysis of journals showed that Hebei Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Journal of Asian Natural Products Research were the two journals with the highest numbers of papers concerning Ophiopogonis Radix. The keyword analysis showed that the research contents of Chinese papers focused on the analysis of medication regularity and clinical observation trials, while the English papers focused on component analysis and pharmacological investigation. Data mining and apoptosis-based pharmacological mechanism might be the research trends in the future.

An optimization method of weighted network module partition based on TCM theory of "monarch, minister, assistant and guide" / 中国中药杂志

The disease-gene-drug multi-level network constructed by network pharmacology can predict drug targets and has been widely used in the study of material basis and mechanism of action of Chinese medicinal prescriptions. However, most of the current studies have normalized the efficacies of Chinese herbal medicines in the compounds during the construction of the network. There is also a lack of in-depth exploration of the mechanism of synergy among multiple components. This study proposed a network module partition method based on group collaboration and the pharmacological network was weighed according to the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) theory of "monarch, minister, assistant and guide". Taking the Tanyu Tongzhi Prescription as an example, we constructed its pharmacological network for the treatment of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. The group collaboration module in the network was identified and the network changes before and after the weighting were compared based on the network topology analysis to explore a new method to find the core nodes of the network as well as the core drugs that affected the efficacy of the compounds. The results showed that the module partition method based on group collaboration could be used to identify and partition group collaboration mo-dules in pharmacological networks of compounds. The proposed weighted network based on the TCM theory of "monarch, minister, assistant, and guide" could identify and partition the modules based on the characteristics of the pharmacological network. The identification and partition results of modules of Tanyu Tongzhi Prescription in the weighted network were superior to those in the unweighted network. The weighted closeness centrality(WCC) evaluation method was conducive to finding key nodes and relations in the network as compared with traditional methods, thereby providing a basis for analyzing the core components of drugs and extracting more accurate drug components and targets.

Analysis of potential role of Chinese classic prescriptions in treatment of COVID-19 based on TCMATCOV platform / 中国中药杂志

With the global outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19), screening of effective drugs has became the emphasis of research today; furthermore, screening of Chinese classic prescriptions has became one of the directions for drug development. This study analyzed the application of classic prescriptions in the diagnosis and treatment schemes based on the Diagnosis and Treatment Schemes for Coronavirus Disease at the country, provincial and municipal levels, and further explored its disrobing effect on COVID-19 disease severe phase network, and selected representative prescriptions for core target screening and gene enrichment analysis, so as to reveal its mechanism of action. Among them, 13 prescriptions were found to be used for 10 times or more, including Maxing Shigan Tang, Yinqiao San, Shengjiang San, Dayuan Drink, Xuanbai Chengqi Decoction. In addition, the COVID-19 efficacy prediction analysis platform(TCMATCOV platform) was used to calculate the network disturbances of the Chinese classic prescriptions involved. Based on the prediction results, 68 classic prescriptions were assessed on the COVID-19 disease network robustness disturbance. The average disturbance scores for the interaction confidence scores were ranked to be 0.4, 0.5, and 0.6 from the highest to the lowest. There were 7 prescriptions with a score of 17 or more, and 50 prescriptions with a score of 13 or more. Among them, the top three prescriptions were Ganlu Xiaodu Dan(18.19), Lengxiao Wan(17.74), and Maxing Shigan Tang(17.62). After further mining the action targets of these three prescriptions, it was found that COVID-19 disease-specific factors Ccl2, IL10, IL6 and TNF were all the targets of three prescriptions. Through the enrichment analysis of the biological processes of the core targets, it was found that the three prescriptions may prevent the development of the disease by affecting cell-to-cell adhesion, cytokine-mediated signaling pathway, and chronic inflammatory responses to COVID-19 at the severe phase. This study showed that the TCMATCOV platform could evaluate the disturbance effect of different prescriptions on the COVID-19 disease network, and predict potential effectiveness based on the robustness of drug-interfered pneumonia disease networks, so as to provide a reference for further experiments or clinical verification.